The Highway Code explains how to use UK roads safely. “MUST” and “MUST NOT” mark legal requirements. Other rules give important safety advice. People who could cause the most harm have the greatest responsibility to reduce danger.

Reference: Highway Code introduction

On a motorway, aim for a service area or exit if possible. If not, move left into an emergency area or onto the hard shoulder where available. Switch on hazards. Get out on the side away from traffic and move behind a barrier only if safe. If you cannot stop somewhere safe or leave safely, stay inside with your seatbelt and hazards on, call 999 and ask for the police. Never set out a warning triangle on a motorway.

Reference: Highway Code Rules 275–277

Obey overhead signs and speed limits. A red X means the lane is closed: do not drive in it. Only use a hard shoulder as a running lane where signs expressly show it is open. In a breakdown, prioritise reaching a safe stopping place and contact help.

Reference: Highway Code Rules 258 and 275–277

Before winter journeys, check the weather, tyres, lights and screenwash. Pack warm clothes, water, a phone charger and an ice scraper. Delay your trip when conditions are unsafe.

Stop in a safe place if possible and check for injuries. Call 999 if someone is injured and emergency help is needed, or anyone is in immediate danger. Where a collision causes injury or damage to another person, vehicle, animal or property, you may need to give your details and the vehicle owner’s details. If you do not give the required details at the scene, report the collision to police as soon as reasonably practicable, within 24 hours. Separate insurance-document requirements apply when someone is injured. Contact your insurer too.

Reference: Highway Code Rules 283 and 286–287

Check tyres, lights, washers and wipers regularly. Watch for warning lights, leaks or unusual sounds. An MOT does not guarantee that a vehicle stays safe between tests.

National Highways operates motorways and major A-roads in England. Road management differs across Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Check official traffic updates before setting off.

Call 999 for an emergency involving danger or serious injury. Use 101 for non-emergency police matters. Keep your breakdown provider’s number and your insurer’s details handy.

Roads can have different speed limits, lane rules and restrictions. Follow road signs and current conditions rather than relying only on your sat-nav.

Use the correct driving licence and required insurance. Keep your vehicle roadworthy and follow speed limits, signs and traffic signals. Specific rules may vary by vehicle and situation.

Slow down safely near roadworks and incidents. Follow temporary signs, lane closures and any lawful directions from police or traffic officers. Give workers space and stay alert.

Reference: Highway Code Rule 281

Check traffic, the forecast, fuel or charge and your vehicle before travelling. Allow extra time and plan safe stops. Let someone know your route when appropriate.

Lock the car, close windows and keep valuables out of sight. Keep keys secure and choose well-lit parking where possible. Extra security devices may help reduce theft risk.

Smooth driving, correct tyre pressures and combining journeys can help reduce running costs. Compare products on a like-for-like basis; savings are not guaranteed.

Check that your vehicle has any required MOT, tax and insurance. Keep it safe to drive at all times; passing an MOT does not replace everyday maintenance.

Reference: Highway Code Rule 89 and Rule 97

Tiredness affects concentration. The Highway Code recommends at least a 15-minute break after every two hours of driving. Stop somewhere safe, such as services, rather than on a motorway hard shoulder. Professional drivers may have separate legal hours and rest rules.

Reference: Highway Code Rules 91 and 262

Check your lights and keep your windows clean. Dip headlights when they could dazzle others. Drive at a speed that lets you stop safely within the distance you can see.

Use the correct child restraint for your child’s size and age, subject to legal exceptions. Secure pets so they cannot distract you or cause injury. Check the rules before you travel.

Reference: Highway Code Rules 99–100

Circular signs often give orders; triangles usually warn; rectangles usually give information. Always follow the meaning of the specific sign, including temporary signs.

Reference: Highway Code Rules 103–106 and traffic signs guidance

Check your licence entitlement, towing limits, trailer tyres, lights and couplings before travelling. Observe the lower speed limits and other restrictions that may apply while towing.

Reference: Highway Code Rule 98

Carry useful basics such as a charged phone, torch, warm clothing and water. A warning triangle may be useful on some roads if safe to place—but never use one on a motorway.

Reference: Highway Code Rules 97 and 276